Assignment 2: Discussion—Projecting Financial Trends

An organization’s finances are closely linked to local and global markets. Therefore, regular monitoring of economic factors, such as employment, inflation, supply and demand, and interest rates is sure to provide beneficial information. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of economic factors upon an organization’s current and future operations and finances.

1. Using the module readings, Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research two to three articles on the importance of analyzing economic factors for organizations.

   Then respond to the following:

   • Why should companies pay attention to economic factors when managing the organization’s current and future financial information?
   • Consider an organization you are familiar with. Identify the economic factor that has had the most impact on the organization’s earnings in the past 5 years.
   • How has this factor impacted the organization and how has the organization dealt with the impact in a positive or negative manner?
2. Please put the following income statement and balance sheet terms in the proper order:

   Taxes, interest, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses, sales, depreciation, net income, cost of goods sold, and EBITDA.

3. For the balance sheet, please categorize the following as short-term assets, long-term assets, short-term liabilities, long-term liabilities, or owner’s equity:

   Cash, accruals, property, plant and equipment, inventory, accounts receivables, paid in capital, retained earnings, notes payable, mortgage, and accounts payable.

4.  Please explain in which order the four major financial statements need to be prepared, and why.
5. Please also explain the three major categories of the statement of cash flows and under which category the following items belong. Also explain whether or not each item would be considered a source or use of cash for the period in question:

   Inventory-increased for period
   Net income-increased for period
   Accounts receivables increase for period
   Accounts payable decrease for period
   Accruals decrease for period
   Depreciation-increases for period
   Stock issued
   Property purchased
   Bonds paid off
   Inventories increase for period
   Cash decreases
   Notes payable increase for period
   Bonds redeemed for period

By the due date assigned, post your response to the Discussion Area. Through the end of the module, review and comment on at least two peers’ responses.

Write your initial response in 300–500 words. Your response should be thorough and address all components of the discussion question in detail, include citations of all sources, where needed, according to the APA Style, and demonstrate accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation

Do the following when responding to your peers:

• Read your peers’ answers.
• Provide substantive comments by
  • contributing new, relevant information from course readings, Web sites, or other sources;
  • building on the remarks or questions of others; or
  • sharing practical examples of key concepts from your professional or personal experiences
• Respond to feedback on your posting and provide feedback to other students on their ideas.
• Make sure your writing
  • is clear, concise, and organized;
  • demonstrates ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and
  • displays accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

  Grading CriteriaMaximum PointsQuality of initial posting, including fulfillment of assignment instructions16Quality of responses to classmates12Frequency of responses to classmates4Reference to supporting readings and other materials4Language and grammar4Total:40

 Consumer Incentives

Prior to engaging in this discussion, please read Chapter 12 in the text and review any relevant Instructor Guidance. It is suggested that you review the recommended articles to glean any helpful information. Imagine that you run a nursing home facility in your area. Analyze and comment on the role public policy has in the economic aspect of running this type of health services center. Compare and contrast the economic challenges and incentives this type of health care model presents. What are some of the ways in which you could inform or signal potential consumers that your nursing home is of high quality? Evaluate the social-cultural issues that influence the consumers of this type of health service. Which of your proposed methods are most apt to be reliable signals that significantly communicate to consumers so they are able to make more informed decisions?

 

Required Resources

Required Text

1. Lee, R. H. (2015). Economics for health care managers (3rd ed.). Chicago, IL: Health Care Administration Press. Retrieved from https://redshelf.com
   
   1. Chapter 13: Asymmetric Information and Incentives 

Articles

1. Daniels, E. B., & Dickson, T.C. (1990). Assessing the feasibility, Performance of geriatric clinics. Healthcare Financial Management, 44(2), 30-34. Retrieved from the ProQuest database
   • This article will be utilized as reference in conjunction with your feasibility study assignments.
2. Korda, H., & Eldridge, G. N. (2011). Payment incentives and integrated care delivery: Levers for health system reform and cost containment. Inquiry 48(4), 277-287. doi:10.5034/inquiryjrnl_48.04.01
   
   • This article reviews evidence about integrated care delivery, payment methods, and financial incentives to improve value in health care purchasing. It also addresses how these approaches can be used to advance health system change.
3. Rice, T. (1997). Physician payment policies: Impacts and implications. Annual Review of Public Health, 18(1), 549. Retrieved from the EBSCOhost database.
   • This article reviews recent changes in physician payment policies, examines evidence on their impacts, and discusses their implications for researchers and policy makers. It also develops a conceptual framework to help explore the economic incentives inherent in different physician payment schemes  

Recommended Resources

Articles

1. Arrow, K. J. (1963). Uncertainly and the welfare of economics of medical care (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. The American Economic Review, 53(5), 941-973. Retrieved from http://stevereads.com/papers_to_read/uncertainty_and_the_welfare_economics_of_medical_care.pdf
   • This article is a sentinel paper discussing the issue of uncertainly and economic provisions in health care.
2. Davis, K., & Guterman, S. (2007). Rewarding excellence and efficiency in Medicare payments. Milbank Quarterly, 85(3), 449-468. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2007.00495.x
   
   • The full-text version of this article can be accessed through the EBSCOhost database in the Ashford University Library.
3. Greenwald, L. M. (2000). Medicare risk-adjusted capitation payments: From research to implementation. Health Care Financing Review, 21(3), 1-5. Retrieved from the EBSCOhost database.
   • The article introduces the reader to the concept of risk adjustment and its implications on payment models in health care.

Due Week 10 and worth 250 points 

Your previous contributions  addressing a variety of important topics outlined in all previous  assignments for this course are deemed essential in supporting the  business’ overall organizational structure and competitive advantage  strategy. It is now time to consider developing your own HR department  team to ensure they have the requisite skills and competencies necessary  to perform at high levels over time. Effective and motivated HR  business partners (HRBP) will be the key to translating HR and business  strategy into action. The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM)  Body of Competency and Knowledge (BoCK) can be an invaluable resource to  help develop and certify HR professionals. You must now explain to the  management team the components of this model and how it can be leveraged  to achieve operational success for the HR department. A 1-hour meeting  has been scheduled and the CEO will be in attendance. 

Create a 20-slide minimum PowerPoint presentation with your script/discussion/commentary in the Notes section of each slide in which you: 

1. Include cover, presentation agenda, conclusion, and reference list slides, all of which may count toward total slide count.  
2. Provide a slide with an overview on the importance of having a  highly-developed staff of HR business partners. Be clear with your  position. HINT: http://www.scottmadden.com/wp-content/uploads/userFiles/misc/8d0d88c7547b6e2b8f6f6fcba6a9d6b3.pdf 
3. Provide 1-4 slides introducing the SHRM BoCK model and its  components. Be sure to highlight each of the areas of the model. NOTE:  It is highly recommended to insert an image the actual SHRM BoCK model  into the presentation.  
4. Include in the remaining slides the following required presentation information:  
   • Provide a minimum of three (3) to four (4) bullet points (more if  needed) of information or discussion describing specifics on the  SHRM-BoCK’s “Behavioral Competencies”  
   • Provide a minimum of three (3) to four (4) bullet points (more  if needed) of information or discussion describing specifics on the  SHRM-BoCK’s “HR Expertise; Domains 1 & 2”  
   • Provide a minimum of three (3) to four (4) bullet points (more  if needed) of information or discussion describing specifics on the  SHRM-BoCK’s “HR Expertise: Domains 3 & 4”  
   • Provide a minimum of three (3) to four (4) bullet points (more  if needed) of information or discussion describing specifics on  certifying your HRBP’s.  
   • Reminder – good PowerPoints have very few words on the  slides themselves—almost all of the information you need to include  should be in the Notes.   
5. Use at least four (4) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: You may only use the resources listed in the course guide and those that are specifically provided by the instructor.  

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: 

• Select any one of three professional PowerPoint templates provided by the instructor (Required).  
• Have headings for each section with all bulleted information  aligned properly and using the same font and size. Images may be used  but must be professional and relevant to the topic. The source(s) of all  images must be credited with both citation and reference. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. 
• Include citations and references for all information received from other sources.  
• All bullet point information in the Notes sections must be descriptive and have a minimum of 3-4 full sentences.  

Please answer the following post, there are sample responses at the bottom. Please use the attached north house book to answer.

  

Emerging leadership and healthcare

COLLAPSE

Top of Form

Healthcare is an industry much like an ecosystem whose matrix-like qualities benefit from collaboration and innovative mindsets.  Traditional leadership assumptions come from industrial manufacturing where the goal is maximizing production and reducing variance.  Such doctrines that employ linear top-down thinking also promote organizational culture unawareness and being unprepared for innovation and require management, not leadership (Weberg, 2012 p. 269).  Invariably there will be an unforeseen situation that one must learn their way out of.  Thus far our studies have been on scenarios, practices and formulas leadership with major focus on the leader’s relationship with the follower. Shared leadership focuses on practices of the social process rather than personal characteristics of people at the top (Fletcher & Kaufer, 2003 p. 22-23).   Complexity leadership theory is a framework for studying emergent leadership as it relates to the bureaucracy and is divided into three types: adaptive, enabling, and administrative (Marion & Uhl-Bien 2008 p. 198).

Given that healthcare is as previously described, a matrix and ecosystem emergent leadership is critical to address all the challenges primarily because many of the issues will be discovered and solved by subject matter experts who are the people in the trenches so to speak.  Even if members of the c-suite came from within the organization there is no way they are going to know the nuances of every department.  Even medical school has specialties and fellowships.

Fletcher, J. K., & Kaufer, K. (2003).  C. L. Pearce, & J. A. Conger, Shared leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Marion, R., & Uhl-Bien, M. (2008). Complexity Leadership – Part 1. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.

Weberg, D. (2012). Complexity Leadership: A Healthcare Imperative. Nursing Forum, 47(4), 268-277. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6198.2012.00276.x

Sample Responses

Dear Dudlly, 

1. Thank you for your post. I agree with your comments in regards to emergent leadership being necessary because it allows the representation from the trenches. One of the things that my organization does to open up such communications channels is the opportunity to email the CEO/ Chairman directly about a concern or an idea. I am not sure how often it is used but it does show the interest of the administration in showing openness. 

How do you think an organization can embrace emergent leadership?

2. I have been an emergent leader via continuous improvement projects and I have to say, emergent leadership is only an effective approach if the ideas that result are well received by management–otherwise it can be taken as a power struggle. Part of why I wanted to take this course was to learn how to influence upper management. In the past great ideas even with quantitative evidence have not gotten me the resources I need to drive change. My colleagues have been more than happy to volunteer their time and energy however there's always a component that requires them to clear the time with their manager. I've encountered the most resistance when I'm challenging long-established practices or systems or so-called-fixes that ended up creating more problems. I've had much success with taking charge on projects where management and employees agree it's a universal problem.

 

Executive Summary Bank of America

Banking in and outside of the US has its many advantages and disadvantages. Bank of America has been successful in doing both. It is a billion-dollar company who has endured many challenges but remain profitable in both local and foreign markets. Bank of America is a multinational and financial services banking corporation stationed in North Carolina.  It is considered one of the biggest banks holding companies in the United States by assets and serves clients and consumers in more than 145 countries. Bank of America has acquired many other banks through many mergers and acquisition. Its merger with Merrill Lynch has made it one of the largest investment banks and wealth managers in the world. Both the bank and investment firm contain large market shares and is considered the third largest investment bank in the world. Its wealth management side manages US 1.1 trillion assets under management as the second largest wealth manager in the world. Bank of American operates but does not necessarily maintain retail branches in all fifty states and more than 45 other countries. Its commercial banking encompasses 45 million consumers, small business relationships at over 4,500 banking centers and 16.000 teller machines  (America, 2018).

This year along it has over 315 billion market capitalization, this makes it the thirteenth largest company in the world and the sixth American public company  (America, 2018). It has plateau in sales reaching over 103 billion. It was ranked 24 on the fortune five hundred list of the largest US banks by revenue. Euro Institutional Investor named it the World’s Best Bank for this year.

Bank of America, a billion-dollar banking company continued to expand throughout the US and abroad including China, Brazil, Turkey, Argentina, Australia, India, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy and many others. It makes millions of dollars doing business aboard as well.

It is a member of the Global ATM Alliance, a joint venture of several major international banks that provide for reduced fees for consumers using their ATM card or check card at another bank within the Global ATM Alliance when traveling internationally. There are some restrictions to withdrawals using debit cards and users are still subject to foreign currency conversion fees, credit card withdrawals are still subject to cash advance fees and foreign currency conversion fees.

Bank of Americas Global divisions provides a variety of banking and lending services. It includes the businesses of Global Corporate Banking, Global Commercial Banking, Business Banking, and Global Investment Banking. The Global Markets division offers services to clients, including trading in financial securities, research and many other services such as market and risk management.

Bank of America's Global Corporate and Investment Banking has its U.S. headquarters in New York, European headquarters in London, and Asian headquarters in Hong Kong and Singapore.  Over 90% of its revenue is generated in the domestic market.

America, B. o. (2018). Bank Of America. Retrieved from Bank of America: https://about.bankofamerica.com/en-us/who-we-are/our-history-and-heritage.html#fbid=-egiqQFSAmE/hashlink=today