Unit 8 Problems

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Unit 8 Problems

Problem 6

A. Sequence the jobs using (1) FCFS, (2) SPT, (3) EDD, and (4) CR. Assume the list is by order of arrival.

1. First      Come, First Served (FCFS)

  

Sequence

Job   Time

Flow   Time

Due   Date

Lateness

 

A

14

14

20

0

 

B

10

24

16

8

 

C

7

31

15

16

 

D

6

37

17

20

 

TOTALS

37

106

44

The sequencing of the jobs based on the First Come, First Served (FCFS) basis is A – B – C – D, and the chart shows that shows that jobs B, C, and D will be late by a total of 44 days. 

1. Shortest      Possible Time (SPT)

  

Sequence

Job   Time

Flow   Time 

Due   Date

Lateness   

 

D

6

6

17

0

 

C

7

13

15

0

 

B

10

23

16

7

 

A

14

37

20

17

 

TOTALS

37

79

24

The sequencing on the jobs based on the Shortest Possible Time is D – C – B – A, and the chart shows that jobs B and A will be late by a total of 24 days. 

1. Earliest      Due Date (EDD)

   

Sequence

Job   Time

Flow   Time

Due   Date

Days   Tardy

 

C

7

7

15

0

 

B

10

17

16

1

 

D

6

23

17

6

 

A

14

37

20

17

 

TOTALS

37

84

24

The sequencing of the jobs based on the Earliest Due Date (EDD) is given as C – B – D – A, and the average completion time is 42 days. 

1. Critical      Ratio

  

Sequence

Job   Time

Flow   Time

Due   Date

Tardiness

 

A

14

37

20

17

 

C

7

44

15

29

 

D

6

50

17

33

 

B

10

60

16

44

 

TOTALS

37

191

123

All the critical ratios are greater than 1, and this indicates that all the jobs will be completed in time if scheduled as A – C – D – B. 

B. For each of the methods in part a, determine (1) the average job flow time, (2) the average tardiness, and (3) the average number of jobs at the work center. 

1. Average      time flow 

a) FCFS = average completion time/number of jobs = 106/4 = 26.5 days. 

b) SPT = average completion time/number of jobs = 79/4 = 19.75 days

c) EDD = average completion time/number of jobs = 84/4 = 21 days 

d) CR = average completion time/number of jobs = 191/4 = 47.75 days 

1. Average      tardiness 

a) FCFS = 44/4 = 11 days

b) SPT = 24/4 = 6 days 

c) EDD =24/4 = 6 days 

d) CR = 123/4 = 30.75 days 

1. Average      number of jobs 

a) FCFS = 106/37 = 2.865

b) SPT = 79/37 = 2.135

c) EDD = 84/37 = 2.270

d) CR = 191/37 = 5.162

C. Is one method superior to the others? Explain. 

None of the methods is superior than the others because they each have their inherent weaknesses in addition to their strengths. For example, using the FCFS and SPT priority rules results in the increased delays in jobs that require longer times to complete while the EDD approach tends to ignore the processing times during the scheduling. However, the CR method has the most weaknesses in scheduling of the jobs. 

Problem 11

Given the operation times provided: 

a. Develop a job sequence that minimizes idle time at the two work centers. 

The determination of the job sequence that would reduce the idle time at the two work centers is completed using the Johnson’s as shown in the table below: 

  

Developing   the Job Sequence

 

Iteration

Job   Sequence

Comments 

 

A

D

The   shortest job time is 12 minutes for D at Center 2, and thus D is scheduled   last. 

 

B

B

D

D   is then removed from the table of eliminated times and the next least job   time is observed as 16 minutes for B at Center 1. Thus, B is scheduled first.   

 

C

B

A

D

B   is then eliminated from the table and the next least job time is 20 minutes   for A at Center 1 and is there scheduled next. 

 

D

B

A

F

D

A   is then eliminated from the table and the next least time is 24 minutes for F   at Center 2 and this is scheduled next. 

 

E

B

A

E

F

D

F   is then eliminated from the table and the next least time is E at Center 2   and this is scheduled next. 

 

F

B

A

C

E

F

D

E   is then eliminated from the table and the last least time is 43 minutes at   Center 1 and it is scheduled the earliest. 

Thus the job sequence that reduces the idle time at Centers 1 and 2 is given as B – A – C- E – F – D

b. Construct a chart of the activities at the two centers, and determine each one’s idle time, assuming no other activities are involved. 

The chart of activities for the two centers is shown below: 

               

0

    

16

          

0

  

 

      

36

      

79

      

114

      

156

      

216

 

B

A

C

E

F

D

 

B

A

C

E

F

D

 

      

16

      

46

      

73

      

79

      

130

      

158

      

218

      

216

      

228

               

From the chart, the idle time at Center is given as 0 minutes while the total idle time at Center 2 is given as ((16 – 0) + (79 – 73) + (216 – 182)) = 16 + 6 + 34 = 56 minutes. 

  

For this assignment, research an engineering ethics case study of your choice and demonstrate an  ability to analyze the the issue from an ethical perspective. Summarize the most important facts  about the case, and explain why particular decisions or actions were immoral.

· Explain the details of the issues/cases you are discussing.

◦ What decisions were made in this case? Why did the participants do what they did?

◦ Were the relevant decisions/actions moral? Why or why not?

◦ What happened leading up to the failure? What were the focal and auxiliary consequences?

◦ What building and professional codes were in place at the time? Were they followed?

◦ Be specific about the people, places, companies, decisions, events, etc. involved in each case.

· Use relevant concepts from class to support your point of view on the issue.

◦ How do each of the moral theories and principles weigh in? Don't “force it,” but use moral theory when appropriate to support your view.

◦ From an ethical perspective, what is the ultimate conclusion you have arrived at through your research of the issue?

◦ How did individuals related to the case fail to be professional and/or moral?

Remember:

· Think about what your final conclusion will be – what claim do you want to make? Mention this in your introductory paragraph.

· Use evidence (premises) which demonstrate that your point of view is right. Draw on what you have learned about moral principles and theories.

Read full instructions attached below.

You have been asked to create a PowerPoint presentation on a training method for executives at an organization you currently work for or an organization you wish to work for in the future. Research a training method of your choice to complete this presentation. Below are the methods covered in this unit; you may select one from this list or a different method that interests you:  learning organizations, adult learning, evidence-based learning, or method of your choice. In your PowerPoint presentation, include the following points:  explanation of the training method; how your organization can implement it; the benefits of this method; the potential barriers to this method and how you can overcome them; how you will present this information (in a traditional format, computer-based, e-learning model, or a combination), an explanation of that method, and the reasons why; and any additional information you feel may be helpful. Your presentation must be at least 10 slides in length, not including the title and reference slides. You are required to use at least one outside source and to utilize the notes section. Within the notes section, include additional explanations. As you write your presentation, keep in mind that you are presenting for executives at your organization. All sources used, including the required readings, must be cited and referenced according to APA guidelines. No more than 15% in safe assign

Unit I Article Review

Using the CSU Online Library, locate a peer-reviewed article that discusses research in an organization. Topic ideas include the role of research, development of research studies, integration of different types of methods, or the communication of research results within an organization. Note that these are ideas; please expand within the parameters of research used within organizations. Respond to the following questions/topics:

1. Summarize the article with an eye on the author’s main point.

2. How does this article contribute to contemporary thinking about research?

3. How does this article illustrate the importance of using research to make decisions within an organization? 4. How can information in this article be applied to your field?

5. What is your opinion on the topic of this article?

Your APA-formatted response must be a minimum of three pages in length (not including the title page and the reference page). Your sources should be located using the CSU Online Library and must be peer-reviewed. All sources used must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.

For step-by-step instructions for formatting a paper in APA style, please refer to the CSU Citation Guide at http://www.columbiasouthern.edu/downloads/pdf/success/citation-guide. Instructions for formatting formal documents can be found on page 17.

 

            Question 1       

 

1. Explain  how the risk matrix can be used to assess the risk associated with the  installation of a 500 ton metal press in a fabrication shop that will be  used to bend small metal pieces used in an automobile chassis. Pose a  series of five questions that you believe would be important in  performing the risk assessment using the matrix. Discuss how human error  would be used in performing the risk assessment.

   Your essay should be at least 200 words in length.    

   

            Question 2       

 

1. Compare  and contrast the different types of machine guards that are discussed  in the unit. Provide at least one positive and one negative feature for  three of the types of guards. What do you believe are some of the  difficulties that might be encountered when attempting to install and  maintain these types of guards on existing equipment in a workplace?

   Your essay should be at least 200 words in length.